Type 93 Gas Mask
Japan was the only nation in the Second World War to employ biochemical warfare as part of its official military doctrine. Ghoulish platoons of masked Imperial Japanese infantry prowled the urban rubble of China, their latest military hardware and mechanized forces juxtaposed by the katanas wielded by their officers. In urban environments where chemical weapons were deployed, melee engagements were actively pursued by the Japanese with their characteristic élan to rout the relatively disorganized Chinese troops. Emerging from the toxic mist with medieval weapons at the ready alongside armored support, Japan’s idiosyncratic military strategy resulted a visually extraordinary combat environment unique to the Sino-Japanese theatre, unexampled in its almost comically nightmarish aesthetic, as captured in the second image which was photographed during the Battle of Shanghai.
Japanese chemical weapons were administered to devastating effect against the Chinese, who were unprepared for biochemical warfare and lacked any form of protective gear against it. Alongside conventional gas attacks in offensive operations, Chinese cities were bombed with experimental bacteriological weaponry. Canisters containing fleas contaminated with the bubonic plague were released by Japanese bombers over Chinese cities, leading to several widespread epidemics.
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Japan was the only nation in the Second World War to employ biochemical warfare as part of its official military doctrine. Ghoulish platoons of masked Imperial Japanese infantry prowled the urban rubble of China, their latest military hardware and mechanized forces juxtaposed by the katanas wielded by their officers. In urban environments where chemical weapons were deployed, melee engagements were actively pursued by the Japanese with their characteristic élan to rout the relatively disorganized Chinese troops. Emerging from the toxic mist with medieval weapons at the ready alongside armored support, Japan’s idiosyncratic military strategy resulted a visually extraordinary combat environment unique to the Sino-Japanese theatre, unexampled in its almost comically nightmarish aesthetic, as captured in the second image which was photographed during the Battle of Shanghai.
Japanese chemical weapons were administered to devastating effect against the Chinese, who were unprepared for biochemical warfare and lacked any form of protective gear against it. Alongside conventional gas attacks in offensive operations, Chinese cities were bombed with experimental bacteriological weaponry. Canisters containing fleas contaminated with the bubonic plague were released by Japanese bombers over Chinese cities, leading to several widespread epidemics.